Self-assembly of DNA into Nanoscale Three-Dimensional Shapes

I will present a general method for solving a key challenge for nanotechnology: programmable self-assembly of complex, three-dimensional nanostructures. Previously, scaffolded DNA origami had been used to build arbitrary flat shapes 100 nm in diameter and almost twice the mass of a ribosome. We have succeeded in building custom three-dimensional structures that can be conceived as stacks of nearly flat layers of DNA. Successful extension from two-dimensions to three-dimensions in this way depended critically on calibration of folding conditions. We also have explored how targeted insertions and deletions of base pairs can cause our DNA bundles to develop twist of either handedness or to curve. The degree of curvature could be quantitatively controlled, and a radius of curvature as tight as 6 nanometers was achieved. This general capability for building complex, three-dimensional nanostructures will pave the way for the manufacture of sophisticated devices bearing features on the nanometer scale.